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Oropouche fever
Oropouche fever is a tropical viral infection, a zoonosis similar to dengue fever, transmitted by biting midge (species ''Culicoides paraensis'') and mosquitoes from the blood of sloths to humans. It occurs mainly in the Amazonic region, the Caribbean and Panama. The disease is named after the region where it was first described and isolated at the Trinidad Regional Virus Laboratory, in 1955, the Oropouche River in Trinidad and Tobago and is caused by a specific arbovirus, the Oropouche virus (OROV), of the Bunyaviridae family.
==History==
OROV was first described in Brazil in 1960, isolated from the blood of a sloth (''Bradypus tridactylus'') captured in the rain forest during the construction of the Belém-Brasília Highway. The ''Ochlerotatus serratus'' mosquito was implicated as a possible vector, because OROV was found in their blood too.
According to Nunes et al. (2005), "the OROV genome consists of 3 partite, single-stranded, negative-sense RNAs, named large (L), medium (M), and small (S) RNA. These RNAs are predicted to encode a large protein (L: polymerase activity), viral surface glycoproteins (Gc and Gn), and nonstructural NSM protein, as well as both nucleocapsid (N) and NSS proteins. Complete nucleotide sequences have been determined for all 3 RNA segments, and previous studies of the molecular biology of the N gene (SRNA) of 28 different OROV strains indicated the existence of 3 genotypes, designated I, II, and III."
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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